Receptors and intracellular signalling

BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CELL-CELL SIGNALLING
  • Generator cell produces a chemical signal (or ligand)
  • Ligand binds with receptors
  • Initiation of intracellular events.
    • Intracellular messenger 
  • Limited receptors. Specific response.
  • Dual function of receptors
    • Ligand binding 
    • Signal transduction
  • Patterns of intracellular communication
    • Endocrine
      • Specialised cells
      • Hormone
      • Circulate in bloodstream
      • Distant target cells
      • Integrating ad harmonising responses in disparate cells and tissues
      • Growth. Puberty. Pregnacy
    • Paracrine
      • Ligand
      • Diffuses locally
      • Adjacent cells 
      • Within organs or tissues
      • Tubuloglomerular feedback in kidney
    • Synaptic
      • Interneuronal or neuromuscular synaptic transmission
      • Close physical proximity of generator and target cells 

MEMBRANE-BOUND RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

CYTOSOLIC RECEPTORS

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