Carbon monoxide poisoning results in the death of about 50 people in the UK each year. It is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon containing fuel: gas, coal, oil, wood and coke. Inadequate maintenance leading to poor combustion of fuel and inadequate removal of waste products as a result of blocked chimney are the main causes of poisoning.
Headache is the most common symptom (90%) followed by nausea & vomitting (50%), vertigo (50%), alteration in consciousness (30%) and weakness (20%).
The cherry red skin colour occurs when COHb concentration exceeds 20% but it is rarely seen in life.
Pulse oximetry gives false high oxygen saturation and it is not recommended.
CO levels can be measured in expired air and this must be done soon after the exposure.
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